Saint-Michel
de Dijon is a sizeable church in the late Flamboyant style with a Renaissance
screen, not just an elaborate doorway, but forming the whole of the west
front. Since
the entire front is comprehended within a unified design, the adherence
to medieval form is all the more remarkable. For at Saint-Michel there
is a triple portail such as would have been built on any thirteenth-century
cathedral in France.
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Work
on the west front began in 1529. The sculptures were probably the work
of Jean Damotte, who certainly carved the Retable des Trespassés inside
the church. Two angels of his have survived in the south transept and
are very similar to those of the porch. The south arch of the porch bears
the date I537 and the central arch 1551. The Last Judgement in this is
by Nicholas de la Cour. He came from Drouai, but the inspiration is obviously
Florentine. But it is not just in the style that these decorations announce
the arrival of the Renaissance ; it is in the subject-matter also. The
long frieze which surmounts the portail and separates it from the façade
above is decorated with scrolls and grotesque figures interwoven with
texts from the Apocalypse, but at either extremity of the frieze is a
bas-relief ; the scenes depicted are from the Labours of Hercules.
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The
three cavernous recesses, corresponding respectively with the nave and
its aisles, present to the visitor a perspective of diminishing arches,
their imposts and architraves offering the usual series of statues and
carvings in the truest Gothic tradition. But the style of the decoration
is pure Renaissance. The façades of the towers are composed of pillars,
pilasters and pediments, the four storeys divided by the correctest of
cornices and the entablatures carved with curling acanthus scrolls.
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In the
centre of the porch, on the pier between the double doors, is a statue
of St Michael. The console which supports him is covered with carvings
which show the saine mixture of sacred and secular subjects. David slaying
Goliath, the Judgement of Solomon, John the Baptist preaching in the wilderness,
Christ appearing to Mary Magdalene are represented together with Leda
and her swan, Cupid at the toilet of Venus and Hercules carrying off the
cattle of the monster Geryon - a strange assortment for the decoration
of a Christian temple.
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